The United States has an active pharmaceutical industry that has brought huge benefits to the U.S. public. Most Americans, who benefit from these advances, have little understanding of how difficult it is to create an important new medical therapy and make it available to improve public health.

The artificial heart is very effective as a bridge to transplant, but the number of people that can be saved with human hearts is limited. A perfect artificial heart could save many more patients.

I do not practice clinical medicine and hence do not treat individual patients. My career is in medical science.

Leaders are visionaries with a poorly developed sense of fear and no concept of the odds against them.